Officers of the law are to operate in their official capacity and when they go outside of this capacity it could result in a civil rights violation. Civil Rights are defined by the U.S. Constitution as well as federal and state laws. Some of the most common rights that are violated in police misconduct cases are:
- Freedom of speech
- Right to be free from excessive force
- Freedom from unreasonable search and seizures
- Right to due process before being deprived of life, liberty or property
- Prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment